Miscarriage
Miscarriage
A pregnancy which ends before Twenty four weeks is called a
miscarriage, before 24 weeks is too early for a developing baby to survive
outside the mothers womb.
Having a miscarriage is common in about one in five pregnancies, the vast majority occur within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Having had three or more miscarriages is classed as recurrent miscarriages, which affects one in a hundred pregnant women, this does not mean to say that you will not go on, to have other successful pregnancies.
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Types of miscarriage
Threatened miscarriage is when you have bleeding early in your pregnancy and the cervix is firmly closed, your pregnancy is likely to continue, if a scan shows a normal heartbeat of your developing baby.
Inevitable miscarriage is when a miscarriage has started with bleeding and your cervix is open, which means your pregnancy will be lost.
Incomplete miscarriage is when a miscarriage begins but your womb still has tissue left.
Complete miscarriage means that your pregnancy has been lost, your womb has emptied and cervix has closed.
Missed miscarriage means that your developing baby has died, but you have not experienced any bleeding and didn’t lose any tissue straight away.
Symptoms of miscarriage
The most common symptoms of miscarriage is bleeding from the vagina, this varies from light spotting to bleeding really heavily, heavier than a period in full flow. You may also see blood clots or a brownie discharge, also cramping may occur and pains in the stomach (abdomen), pelvis and back ache.
Some women may not have any symptoms and the pregnancy may only be discovered via a routine scan.
If you are pregnant and have any type of bleeding from mild to severe you must always get this checked out with your GP, hospital or midwife immediately.
Causes of miscarriage
Around half of all early miscarriages occur because of chromosome problems combined with your egg and partners sperm during fertilisation. Other factors of miscarriage which are more likely include:
Smoking whilst pregnant
Problems with your immune system
Your age – half of all pregnancies in women over the age of
42 end in miscarriage
Drinking alcohol while you’re pregnant
Having an infection, such as listeria or malaria
A physical problem with your reproductive system
Health problems such as; poorly controlled diabetes, kidney
disease or polycystic ovarian syndrome
Miscarriage diagnosis
You’re doctor will ask you a number of questions about any symptoms you have had and then he/she will examine you. And may ask about your medical history, you may even be referred to see a gynaecologist to have some test carried out. Such as these below:
An ultrasound scan uses sound waves to produce an image of the inside of your womb.
Blood and urine tests can measure hormones associated with pregnancy called beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin and progesterone.
A pelvic examination may be done to check the source of any bleeding.
Prevention of miscarriage
In every pregnancy there is at risk of miscarriage; however, if you drink alcohol or smoke, your risk of having a miscarriage is higher. You can help to reduce your risk of pregnancy
problems by eating a well balanced diet, losing excess weight and not drinking too much or smoking.


